First Debian Linux Usage Experience
Intro
If you are interested in something related to Debian Linux,
you should probably read either my
Debian Quick Start Guide
or
Debian FAQ
This page is just my diary about the very first use of Debian Linux.
Sincerely, Andrey Olegovich.
Start
As the basis for the guide, I chose an article
Correct Debian Installation
Previously, on a clean hard drive I allocated 20 GB for Debian and 6 GB for swap (how much space you really need to allocate, I have only an approximate concept, because Blue allocated 4 GB for swap, but it was on a laptop, and On a stationary I have 4 GB of RAM)
I downloaded a small image of netinstall ia64 from the Debian website that disconnected all hard drives except one clean one. I tried to install. Mistake
Missing operating system
I decided that I chose the wrong architecture. I recorded another i386 image on cd-rw
It became visible when loading.
When loading, it was necessary to choose a country, city, keyboard layout - nothing complicated. Next, you had to select the functions for each section. (provided that the partition mode was selected manually). Those. if I want a swap of 6 GB and a system of 20 GB and not vice versa, I must indicate this.
Entering a password for the superuser (in other words, the administrator) and a simple user is also easy, the main thing is do not write qwerty otherwise the Chinese will take over your server.
When everything was established, I became the proud owner of a black screen and console.
Fortunately, I remember the basic commands cd, ls, mkdir, mount
Because with netinstall, apparently, almost nothing in the kit goes; even KDE could not be downloaded from the Internet.
Downloading updates and other joys is led by something called aptitude.
The file with the list of addresses from where this aptitude can download updates lies in / etc / apt / and is called sources.list
To go to the directory / etc / apt / you need to type cd / etc / apt
To open the sources.list file, you must first go to the directory and then type nano sources.list (you can write everything right away without going first)
As I understand it, nano is an analog of notepad in Windows.
I uncommented the line where the address http://ftp.debian.org was specified but because the computer cannot connect to the Internet yet
aptitude update
did not give a result.
I tried to install pptp-linux from the disk (the path to the disk was originally opened in sources.list) - I inserted the disk with netinstall and typed
aptitude install pptp-linux
In response, 3 new packages were installed.
tried again
aptitude update
No result
I decided to download and install the xl2tpd package
I downloaded it, but I still can’t install it
I decided to edit the file
/ etc / network interfaces
appended there
allow-hotplug eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp
address 192.168.0.107
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.0.1
Then updated the network settings with the command
/etc/init.d/networking restart
It didn’t help, still -
Temporary error while trying to get 'ftp.debian.org' IP address
I talked with Oleg, he said that for 4 GB of RAM you can not choose the i386 architecture because lacks the length of the name. The 32-bit architecture allows addressing 2 to 32 degrees bytes of memory, which is slightly less than 4 GB.
UPD
Michael believes that this is not the point, not just 4 GB of RAM but 3.8 will be used, and you can make a mistake only by choosing a set - amd64 instead of i386 with a real 32bit architecture.
Reinstall, this time amd64
I chose another network card eth1 at boot instead of eth0
Internet has appeared.
Managed to put Midnight Commander
apt-get install mc
And archivers
apt-get install zip unzip p7zip bzip2
I decided to make Russian in the console
apt-get install console-cyrillic console-terminus
It seems to be all set, but when I then gave the command
cyr
The computer froze. I had to use a keyboard shortcut
when pressed Alt + PrtScr sequentially pressed
R E I S U B
the computer rebooted. thank
(http://my-debian.blogspot.com/2008/12/debianubuntu.html)
I decided to put the iceweasel browser. I pre-registered the line in /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://mozilla.debian.net/ squeeze-backports iceweasel-release
apt-get install iceweasel
Received in response a message:
Packages that have unsatisfied dependencies:
iceweasel: Depends: libgtk2.0-0 (> = 2.10) but it will not be installed
: Depends: xulrunner-10.0 (> = 10.0-1, etc.
If you try to put one of these packages - the following will be required - I decided to unravel this chain
One package - libpixman even managed to install, but on some
libcairo2 has failed. T.O. manually put down all the required packages failed.
In general, the browser is a complete file. I'll try to put x
aptitude install x-window-system
After the process has stopped I am writing
startx
The black screen on which you can move the mouse cursor In the upper left corner is the inscription root @ debian: ~ # (upper tilde) you can enter commands
Moved with the mouse. He led the team. the question is up: what is this nonsense?
Why is it necessary
Clicked
Alt + Ctrl + Backspace
nothing has happened
Had to reboot
reboot
I decided to put a sound
apt-cache search alsa
The result is a huge list, in which it is unclear whether alsamixer is there or not.
aptitude install alsa-utils alsa-base alsa-tools
Something downloaded and sort of installed.
I enter the team
alsamixer
He turned on. I'm trying to configure something.
I want to check whether the mp3 music will be played. Mounted a USB flash drive. There is no mp3 on it. I decided to unmount and realized that I did not know how. It turned out that I was making a mistake - instead of umount / mnt / flash1 I was writing unmount / mnt / flash1. Linux is an intuitive OS, especially for beginners.
You must first exit the flash drive and then unmount. Which is similar to safe removal in Windows.
Throw off a couple of songs on a flash drive. The film in .mkv and the holy image of Blue in a black olympic shirt will probably help.
To understand where to write all these files, I used the command
fdisk -l
it lists the devices, shows where it starts and where each device ends, as well as the file system. This information was enough for me to understand that my disk for music films and other things is sda6
I usually call these discs Free. I create such a section in mnt
mkdir / mnt / free
and mount sda6 there
mount / dev / sda6 / mnt / free
Mounted the disk. I created music, movies, photo folders on it and laid out files on them.
Trying to watch a movie. For this I’m typing
aptitude install Vlc
The installation process has gone. A couple of times I had to choose yes. Everything was settled. I go to the folder where the movie is. Typing
vlc movie_name
I get an error.
VLC is not supposed to be run as root. Sorry
The error is clear. You need to log in as a simple user. By a simple enumeration of the teams I found the right one
login
scored
vlc / mnt / free / movies / movie_name
Again a mistake. This time
Blocked: call to unsetenv ("DBUS_ACTIVATION_ADRESS") and then a dozen more lines.
What all this means I have no idea. I suspect that either there are no drivers on the video card, or any codecs.
The moment is near when all this confusing OS will get bored so that you don’t want to do anything already.
I try to put mplayer
aptitude install mplayer
It was established, but could not open the film. I try to open the song, it opens, but there is no sound.
I try to put gnome
aptitude install gnome-core gnome gdm
Black screen and cursor again.
I downloaded the driver from the amd site presumably for my video card. I downloaded the movie in .avi you never know with .mkv my system is not friends now. Threw on a computer with Debian.
movie.avi also does not play
Found the article gosha.me/node/126
I install the compilation package
apt-get install build-essential linux-headers - $ (uname -r)
It’s generally horrible, what is it? How can you guess where to read before? In Windows, at least you can poke somewhere for a long time and find something. And this is just a brain stem. So put something from the ceiling.
Then I go to the folder where I downloaded the driver and write
CC = gcc-4.3 ./ driver name
(I have realtec 4450)
What is CC, why is it equal to gcc-4.3
I did not install any gcc and SS did not install either.
Nevertheless, some installation was made. I was even offered to agree to a license. Did startx no result. Because I can’t reboot.
The result of installing the video card driver:
X's do not work.
There was a picture when playing the movie .avi and movie .mkv
No sound. I'll try to put the driver on the audio. True, I don’t know what to choose - I have an integrated audio card. The motherboard is like asus p5q, but there are no drivers for Linux on the asus site, except for the BIOS. Some manuals.
I try to do without firewood
Scored
alsactl init
In response, I found out that my audio card is unknown.
Apparently you need to rebuild the kernel. I download the last stable with
http://www.kernel.org/
I read an article
http://www.linuxcenter.ru/lib/articles/system/kernel26_install.phtml
Called blue he said dial
uname -a
to find out the kernel version My kernel is debian 2.6.32-5 He said it was old. Need to upgrade. He also said, just in case, add to source.list
deb http://ftp.ru.debian.org/debian/ squeeze main contrib non-free
deb http://ftp.ru.debian.org/debian/ testing main contrib non-free
to do
apt-get update
apt-get upgrade
When upgrading the entire system, you will need to select languages and stuff again. I put new fashionable X
apt-get install xfce4 slim
During the installation, the Internet was cut off for a while and everything hung up at 86 percent. Blue suggested pressing Ctrl + c up Enter, but so far I have written about it and it all worked. Everything has been established. Writing
startx
I'll get into the X. I select "Use default settings" I want to start the browser, but this option is inactive. Came out of X by pressing
Ctrl + Alt F1
Changed the console to
Alt + F2
I put the browser
apt-get install iceweasel
Again, a message appears about packages that this time it is impossible to authenticate one of these packages my friend xulrunner-10.0 Install without checking. I go to X using
Alt + F7
The browser is working. I get out of the X
Alt + Ctrl + F2
I want to put skype
apt-get install skype
Error A candidate for installation was not found for the skype package. I downloaded skype from the site after specifying to the browser the directory to download - / home / andrey I went into the directory
dpkg -i skype-debian_2.2.0.35-1
(-i this is install, -r remount, --purge - complete cleanup)
there were some difficulties with dependencies. I typed
apt-get -f install
then completely cleared of skype and set again
We make sound. I type lspci to see a list of devices on the PCI bus. I went to alsamixer where there were 00 at the bottom of the columns and replaced it with MM; I raised everything to the maximum. No sound. It turned out everything was exactly the opposite, you need to do everywhere 00 and not MM then there is sound. Trying to turn on the movie
mplayer / mnt / free / movies / title
does not turn on. I am sitting under the root. I went to X (there I am also under the root. But the film started up, there is no sound). I want to see the broadcast of the Unix-Triumph match through a browser, I need an Adobe plugin
apt-cache search flash
One of the finds was the one that Adobe needed and installed it.
apt-get install flashplugin-nonfree
then I reboot the browser. The broadcast is visible. Triumph summed up. I want to install utorrent. I went to the site. Downloaded utorrent-server-3.0-25053.tar.gz Unzipped the command
tar -zxvf utorrent-server-3.0-25053.tar.gz
Another file appeared in the andrey folder
utorrent-server-v3_0
Decided to apply dpkg -i
dpkg -i utorrent-server-v3_0
Got errors
dpkg-split: error: read error utorrent-server-v3_0 /: This is a directory and so on
Since this is a directory, I go into it.
cd utorrent-server-v3_0
ls
Three files lie (or you can’t guess the directory anymore)
docs utserver webui.zip
I abandoned the idea of installing utorrent. I decided to put transmisson I downloaded from of. site. did dpgk -i then apt-get install transmission Opened the article
http://habrahabr.ru/blogs/p2p/87287/ Created the user transmission without password adduser --disabled-password transmission I switch to this user
su transmission
(tried to switch through login but failed)
I enter the team
transmission-daemon -f
team not found Decided to download ktorrent. This time the archive was .tar.bz2 unpacked using tar -xvjf
Did dpkg -i and apt-get install ktorrent
And o-miracle - it worked. My choice is ktorrent!
I put the amarok audio player. To start it, you need to type amarok in the X in the terminal
I put filezilla, created the folder / mnt / free / andreyolegovich_site to copy the site for editing pages there. I want to create a page where I will bring this text about installing debian. But since I'm sitting in the X from under andrey to write to the folder nothing happened. Need to bother with access rights. I already have no time to do this. I cannot transfer the task to tomorrow.
The weekend is over. A brief summary. There is Debian. Under it, you can watch movies, listen to music and download torrents.
Monday
I want to put firewood on the printer Brother DCP 7010 downloaded from the website brdcp7010lpr-2.0.1-1.i386.rpm it is not clear why I downloaded i386 but I don’t see any alternatives I read the instructions on the website It is written that I need to install ia32-libs first already installed. It remains to understand how to open .rpm Hang up - you can immediately download .deb and download it. But I could not unpack it due to the difference in architecture - which is what I expected.
I downloaded brother-lpr-drivers-laser-_2.0.1-3-0ubuntu3_amd64.deb Unpacked. Got errors: No multiple dependencies. Manually install failed.
However, the instructions on the site pkgs.org/ubuntu-10.10/ubuntu-multiverse-amd64 indicate that you first need to install a2ps, brother-cups-wrapper-laser, brother-lpr-drivers-common, ia32-libs, libc6-i386 I'll try set everything in order
I downloaded a2ps_4.14-1.1_amd64.deb It also can not be installed normally. Writes a dependency error
psutils
Recommends lpr, wdiff
psutils in turn swears on dependence on brother-lpr-drivers-laser
Download brother-lpr-drivers-common for ubuntu Unpacked, but when installing again, swears on dependencies It looks like they depend on each other in a circle. How to pose a riddle in this case, but Linux is an intuitive system. It is important to keep this in mind.
brother-cups-wrapper-laser says that unless brother-lpr-drivers-common is configured it will not work
Trying to install libc6-i386
Again this mutual responsibility. There is nothing left but
apt-get -f install
Also advised by http://mydebianblog.blogspot.com/2006/11/debian-printing-via-cups_27.html
Posted by
aptitude install cupsys gs-esp foomatic-bin foo2zjs cups-pdf
(apt-get in this case did not fit, I wonder what the difference is)
A blue screen popped up asking me to configure the package. I need to specify the workgroup.
I will write porosenok_petr
Again, something is unpacked. typed in the browser
http: // localhost: 631
The CUSP window appeared. I did Add new printer. My brother 7010 decided on that. There, I had to enter the location and model data. How to choose a model from the list that was I do not know, left by default.
I will try to install some .pdf reader and print from n
http://packages.debian.org/squeeze/amd64/epdfview/download
Now .pdf files can be opened and even stretched. But for some reason they are tied to the upper left corner of the screen. Print until it worked. Reading page
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/CUPS_%28%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%29
I read the page http://www.kraeg.ru/node/15 this is a repost from maydebian blog.
On the advice from this page I typed
aptitude install cupsys gs-esp foomatic-bin foo2zjs
Nothing is installed. The printer has printed a test page. EPDFView does not refuse to print from .pdf, but the output is only blank sheets. I deleted (or maybe not, I made dpkg -r ePDFView) ePDFView and installed it, on the advice of Blue evince
apt-get install evince
I am now confused: when do I need to use dpkg -i and when only apt-get install?
Print quality is poor, as if paper were stained.
Now I’ll deal with folder permissions. I want to be able to download torrents in X and through filezilla also from under a simple user. did
chmod 777 / mnt / free
helps. I decided to edit the html page in nano. Now the blue font on a black background is unreadable. You need to find how to adjust the colors in nano. http://ubuntu-favorite-os.blogspot.com/2011/11/nano.html
Alt + y
the text has become white.
Ctrl + k cuts the line where the cursor is.
But the question is how to insert a piece from another text file into my place through nano so far above my competence. I'll try through the X. I put the text editor abiword
apt-get install abiword
abiword html file did not master put bluefish
apt-get install bluefish
He mastered (through X). True, the problem with the Russian language.
Abiword also did not master Russian in a text file. I'll try to save in a different encoding.
Apparently too much text - the buffer did not fit. Will have to parts.
Tuesday
I want to delete the previously created directories hard1, hard2, hard3 and create an exchange for the disk with fat32 instead
rm -r hard *
mkdir / mnt / exchange
chmod 777 exchange
mount / dev / sda7 / mnt / exchange
Now I can transfer files between OSes through this disk. I wonder if there are still file systems that are visible from both Windows and Debian. Fat32 has a file size limit that is too strong.
Wednesday
I install the program for viewing geeqie images
aptitude install geeqie
Earned.
Blue said the office could help with encoding. I'll try to put it.
apt-get install libreoffice
Something is being put. At the end I get a message.
apt-get install pkg / experimental will now not only switch the
candidate of package pkg to the version from the release experimental
but also of all dependence of pkg if the current candidate can't
satisfy a versioned depedency.
- David Kalnischkies Fri, 03 Dec 2010 14:09:12 +0100
/ tmp / tmpVzAhfJ (END)
Blue said press q
Next ran the text
apt-listchange and much more I do not have time to write
Everything seems to be settled. But with the encoding, this did not help me in any way. Blue offers
cat file.html | iconv -f cp1251 -t utf-8> new.html
One way. Then open, edit, close.
cat new.html | iconv -f utf-8 -t cp1251> file.html
On the other side. And put it on the site. I check. Works.
The next goal is to establish ftp - a connection between a desktop PC with Debian and a laptop with Windows 7
Installed Debian on the laptop using this page. Everything works the same as on a stationary one. I note one interesting fact - I succeeded in installing ktorrent and amarok only the third time, during the installation a text message appeared from the developers or the system one, I had to press q but I did not know and pressed Ctrl + O and Ctrl + D until I realized that I was wrong .
To connect to a non-existent ftp server, you need a network. I can use the cord, but since I'm driving around with the network anyway, I want to configure wifi. I go sequentially to the pages:
http://wiki.debian.org/WiFi
http://packages.debian.org/search?keywords=wireless-tools
http://wiki.debian.org/NetworkManager
http://packages.debian.org/squeeze/wireless-tools
From what I read so far it became clear that you need to install wireless tools.
apt-get install wireless-tools
Established
libc6 and libiw30 are already installed.
apt-get install network-manager
Something was installed received messages on a blue screen.
The configuration file has been changed.
New version of configuration file available
/ etc / default / rcS,
but the version of the file on the system was changed locally
and a choice of options
install version from package
save the installed local version
show differences between versions
show dec. m. vers. parallel
launch a new shell to clarify the situation
On the advice of Semyon chose the penultimate option
Settings file changed
Differences line by line
# #
# / etc / default / rcS # / etc / default / rcS
This is the beginning, as I understand it, there are no changes in this line
UTC = no |
> # assume that the BIOS clock is set to UTC time (recommended)
> UTC = yes
I asked Semen - "Did he change my time?" (hereinafter bring the dialogue)
O_o
[0:46:10] Andrey Olegovich:?
[0:46:14] Semen Dubina: Probably, you made the time in Windows display normally?
[0:46:32] Andrey Olegovich: I myself did not do anything over time on the laptop
[0:46:36 | Edited 0:46:56] Andrey Olegovich: on landline switched to London
[0:46:47] Andrey Olegovich: because it was buggy
[0:49:45] Andrey Olegovich: RAMRUN = no |
RAMLOCK = n | # mount / run / lock as a tmpfs (separately from / run)
> RAMLOCK = yes
>
> # mount / run / shm as a tmpfs (separately from / run)
> RAMSHM = yes
[0:49:49] Semen Dubina: Better update the file ... And set the time for your region. Glitches due to the fact that the real time was less than the time it took to create the files ... [0:50:14] Andrey Olegovich: ok
[0:50:31] Semen Dubina: You can just wait three hours, when the time equals with the greenwich, or you can score the normal time in the BIOS ...
[0:50:34] Andrey Olegovich: ie i choose
[0:50:43] Andrey Olegovich: install the version from the package
[0:50:45] Andrey Olegovich: as I understand it
[0:50:46] Andrey Olegovich:?
[0:51:29] Semen Dubina: Yes. The package builder normally selected the configuration.
[0:52:17] Semen Dubina: If glitches start, set the time in the BIOS in GMT, but rather, synchronize with some ntp servers.
[0:52:34] Andrey Olegovich: now I will try
[0:53:19] Semen Dubina: Does Windows stand with Linux?
[0:59:47] Andrey Olegovich: yes
[1:00:47] Semen Dubina: Then forget about the correct display of time in Windows, it changes it in the system clock, and does not count from them ...
Selected the option "Install the version from the package." Something has settled.
Blue said run
apt-get install network-manager-gnome
I don’t understand, and here is gnome when I have xfce4, but because I have no other options. Something is being put (the main thing is not to forget about q). It is established. Then from the X.
# nm-applet
Error cannot open display: I go to X. There is also a mistake from the root
: failed to connect to the configuration server most often this is caused by the absence of the D-Bus session bus service or its incorrect settings
From user error
nm-applet: 6634): Gtk-WARNING **: cannot open display:
Blue went to bed. I read on the site that they recommend wicd for xfce4
apt-get install wicd
Wicd is installed. Appeared among the menu items "Internet". He pulled out the power cord. Wicd does not see wireless networks (And they are). I am doing a reboot.
Connection icons appeared in the corner of the screen. Just in case, I’m doing it.
apt-get remove network-manager-gnome
And then reboot
One of the icons is missing. I hover over the second one, select "Connect." - No wireless networks found -
On the advice of http://www.linux.org.ru/forum/general/5878587, set the value wlan0 in the Wireless interface field. Networks appeared I try to connect to my own, but it does not work.
On the advice of http://kuklin-s.livejournal.com/49240.html deleted wicd apt-get remove wicd
apt-get autoremove
apt-get remove network-manager
apt-get autoremove
reboot
Now there is no Internet via cable. And there is wifi. I will count for a local victory.
With ftp server has so far delayed, because You can do with ssh for now. I decided to put a virtual machine on the laptop and turn on Windows 7 in it. The WB is installed but does not want to work. A lengthy inspection of the forums did not produce results. I try to put it on a PC and record the entire process.
apt-get install virtualbox
Starting VirtualBox kernel modulesNo suitable module for running kernel found ... failed! failed! invoke-rc.d: initscript virtualbox, action "restart" failed. Triggers for python-central are processed ... The virtualbox-dkms package (4.1.10-dfsg-1) is configured ... Loading new virtualbox-4.1.10 DKMS files ... First Installation: checking all kernels ...
debian: / home / andreyolegovich_ru / PC # apt-get install virtualbox
Reading package lists ... Done
Building a dependency tree
Reading status information ... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
dkms libcurl3 libvncserver0 linux-headers-3.2.0-2-amd64
linux-headers-3.2.0-2-common linux-headers-amd64 linux-kbuild-3.2
virtualbox-dkms virtualbox-qt
Suggested packages:
libvncserver0-dbg virtualbox-guest-additions-iso vde2
NEW packages to be installed:
dkms libcurl3 libvncserver0 linux-headers-3.2.0-2-amd64
linux-headers-3.2.0-2-common linux-headers-amd64 linux-kbuild-3.2 virtualbox
virtualbox-dkms virtualbox-qt
updated 0, installed 10 new packages, 0 packages were marked for deletion, and 88 packages were not updated.
Need to download 23.5 MB / 27.9 MB of archives.
After this operation, the amount of occupied disk space will increase by 97.8 MB.
Want to continue [D / n]? D
Received: 1 http://ftp.ru.debian.org/debian/ testing / main libcurl3 amd64 7.24.0-1 [332 kB]
Received: 2 http://ftp.ru.debian.org/debian/ testing / main libvncserver0 amd64 0.9.8.2-2 [242 kB]
Received: 3 http://ftp.ru.debian.org/debian/ testing / main virtualbox amd64 4.1.10-dfsg-1 [15.8 MB]
Received: 4 http://ftp.ru.debian.org/debian/ testing / main virtualbox-dkms all 4.1.10-dfsg-1 [693 kB]
Received: 5 http://ftp.ru.debian.org/debian/ testing / main virtualbox-qt amd64 4.1.10-dfsg-1 [6421 kB]
Received 23.5 MB in 19s (1201 kB / s)
Selecting previously unselected package libcurl3.
(Reading the database ... currently 125,666 files and directories are installed.)
The package libcurl3 is unpacked (from the file ... / libcurl3_7.24.0-1_amd64.deb) ...
Selecting previously unselected package dkms.
The dkms package is unpacked (from the file ... / dkms_2.2.0.3-1_all.deb) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libvncserver0.
The package libvncserver0 is unpacked (from the file ... / libvncserver0_0.9.8.2-2_amd64.deb) ...
Selecting previously unselected package linux-headers-3.2.0-2-common.
The linux-headers-3.2.0-2-common package is unpacked (from the file ... / linux-headers-3.2.0-2-common_3.2.12-1_amd64.deb) ...
Selecting previously unselected package linux-kbuild-3.2.
The package linux-kbuild-3.2 is unpacked (from the file ... / linux-kbuild-3.2_3.2.7-2_amd64.deb) ...
Selecting previously unselected package linux-headers-3.2.0-2-amd64.
The package linux-headers-3.2.0-2-amd64 is unpacked (from the file ... / linux-headers-3.2.0-2-amd64_3.2.12-1_amd64.deb) ...
Selecting previously unselected package linux-headers-amd64.
The linux-headers-amd64 package is unpacked (from the file ... / linux-headers-amd64_3.2 + 44_amd64.deb) ...
Selecting previously unselected package virtualbox.
The virtualbox package is unpacked (from the file ... / virtualbox_4.1.10-dfsg-1_amd64.deb) ...
Selecting previously unselected package virtualbox-dkms.
The virtualbox-dkms package is unpacked (from the file ... / virtualbox-dkms_4.1.10-dfsg-1_all.deb) ...
Selecting previously unselected package virtualbox-qt.
The virtualbox-qt package is unpacked (from the file ... / virtualbox-qt_4.1.10-dfsg-1_amd64.deb) ...
Triggers for man-db are being processed ...
Triggers are processed for menu ...
Triggers for gnome-menus are being processed ...
Triggers for desktop-file-utils are being processed ...
Triggers for shared-mime-info are being processed ...
Unknown media type in type 'all / all'
Unknown media type in type 'all / allfiles'
Unknown media type in type 'uri / mms'
Unknown media type in type 'uri / mmst'
Unknown media type in type 'uri / mmsu'
Unknown media type in type 'uri / pnm'
Unknown media type in type 'uri / rtspt'
Unknown media type in type 'uri / rtspu'
Unknown media type in type 'interface / x-winamp-skin'
Triggers for hicolor-icon-theme are being processed ...
The libcurl3 package (7.24.0-1) is configured ...
Configuring the dkms package (2.2.0.3-1) ...
The package libvncserver0 (0.9.8.2-2) is configured ...
The linux-headers-3.2.0-2-common package (3.2.12-1) is configured ...
The linux-kbuild-3.2 package (3.2.7-2) is configured ...
The linux-headers-3.2.0-2-amd64 package (3.2.12-1) is configured ...
Examining /etc/kernel/header_postinst.d.
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/header_postinst.d/dkms 3.2.0-2-amd64
Configuring the linux-headers-amd64 package (3.2 + 44) ...
The virtualbox package (4.1.10-dfsg-1) is configured ...
Stopping VirtualBox kernel modules.
Starting VirtualBox kernel modulesNo suitable module for running kernel found ... failed!
failed!
invoke-rc.d: initscript virtualbox, action "restart" failed.
Triggers for python-central are being processed ...
The virtualbox-dkms package (4.1.10-dfsg-1) is configured ...
Loading new virtualbox-4.1.10 DKMS files ...
First Installation: checking all kernels ...
Building only for 3.2.0-2-amd64
Building initial module for 3.2.0-2-amd64
Done
vboxdrv:
Running module version sanity check.
- Original module
- No original module exists within this kernel
- Installation
- Installing to /lib/modules/3.2.0-2-amd64/updates/dkms/
vboxnetadp.ko:
Running module version sanity check.
- Original module
- No original module exists within this kernel
- Installation
- Installing to /lib/modules/3.2.0-2-amd64/updates/dkms/
vboxnetflt.ko:
Running module version sanity check.
- Original module
- No original module exists within this kernel
- Installation
- Installing to /lib/modules/3.2.0-2-amd64/updates/dkms/
vboxpci.ko:
Running module version sanity check.
- Original module
- No original module exists within this kernel
- Installation
- Installing to /lib/modules/3.2.0-2-amd64/updates/dkms/
depmod .....
DKMS: install completed.
Stopping VirtualBox kernel modules.
Starting VirtualBox kernel modules.
The virtualbox-qt package (4.1.10-dfsg-1) is configured ...
Triggers are processed for menu ...
Next, follow the instructions from http://wiki.debian.org/VirtualBox
doing the following debian manipulations: / home / andreyolegovich_ru / PC # uname -r
3.2.0-2-amd64
debian: / home / andreyolegovich_ru / PC # aptitude install linux-headers-3.2.0-2-amd64
No packages will be installed, updated, or uninstalled.
0 packages updated, 0 new ones installed, 0 packages marked for deletion, and 88 packages not updated.
You need to get 0 B archives. After unpacking, 0 B will be occupied.
debian: / home / andreyolegovich_ru / PC # nano /etc/apt/sources.list
In the sources.list file, I added the line
deb http://backports.debian.org/debian-backports squeeze-backports main
Doing
debian: / home / andreyolegovich_ru / PC # aptitude update
Ign http://deb.opera.com stable InRelease
Ign http://ftp.ru.debian.org squeeze InRelease
Receive: 1 http://ftp.ru.debian.org squeeze-updates InRelease [114 kB]
Hit http://deb.opera.com stable Release.gpg
Receive: 2 http://security.debian.org squeeze / updates InRelease [87.8 kB]
Receive: 3 http://backports.debian.org squeeze-backports InRelease [78.5 kB]
Hit http://deb.opera.com stable release
Ign http://mozilla.debian.net squeeze-backports InRelease
Hit http://deb.opera.com stable / non-free amd64 Packages
Get: 4 http://mozilla.debian.net squeeze-backports Release.gpg [828 B]
Ign http://deb.opera.com stable / non-free TranslationIndex
Hit http://mozilla.debian.net squeeze-backports Release
Ign http://mozilla.debian.net squeeze-backports Release
Receive: 5 http://ftp.ru.debian.org testing InRelease [185 kB]
Ign http://mozilla.debian.net squeeze-backports / iceweasel-release amd64 Packages / DiffIndex
Ign http://mozilla.debian.net squeeze-backports / iceweasel-release TranslationIndex
Receive: 6 http://security.debian.org squeeze / updates / main Sources [72.7 kB]
Get: 7 http://backports.debian.org squeeze-backports / main amd64 Packages [403 kB]
Get: 8 http://security.debian.org squeeze / updates / main amd64 Packages [216 kB]
Hit http://ftp.ru.debian.org squeeze Release.gpg
Hit http://mozilla.debian.net squeeze-backports / iceweasel-release amd64 Packages
Ign http://deb.opera.com stable / non-free Translation-ru_RU
Hit http://ftp.ru.debian.org squeeze-updates / main Sources / DiffIndex
Hit http://ftp.ru.debian.org squeeze-updates / main amd64 Packages / DiffIndex
Ign http://ftp.ru.debian.org squeeze-updates / main TranslationIndex
Ign http://deb.opera.com stable / non-free Translation-en
Ign http://security.debian.org squeeze / updates / main TranslationIndex
Ign http://deb.opera.com stable / non-free Translation-en
Hit http://ftp.ru.debian.org squeeze Release
Get: 9 http://ftp.ru.debian.org testing / main amd64 Packages / DiffIndex [7876 B]
Hit http://ftp.ru.debian.org testing / contrib amd64 Packages / DiffIndex
Get: 10 http://ftp.ru.debian.org testing / non-free amd64 Packages / DiffIndex [4645 B]
Ign http://ftp.ru.debian.org testing / contrib TranslationIndex
Get: 11 http://ftp.ru.debian.org testing / main TranslationIndex [2223 B]
Ign http://ftp.ru.debian.org testing / non-free TranslationIndex
Receive: 12 http://ftp.ru.debian.org squeeze-updates / main amd64 Packages [13.7 kB]
Ign http://mozilla.debian.net squeeze-backports / iceweasel-release Translation-en_US
Ign http://mozilla.debian.net squeeze-backports / iceweasel-release Translation-en
Hit http://ftp.ru.debian.org squeeze / main Sources
Hit http://ftp.ru.debian.org squeeze / main amd64 Packages
Hit http://ftp.ru.debian.org squeeze / contrib amd64 Packages
Hit http://ftp.ru.debian.org squeeze / non-free amd64 Packages
Ign http://ftp.ru.debian.org squeeze / contrib TranslationIndex
Hit http://ftp.ru.debian.org squeeze / main TranslationIndex
Ign http://ftp.ru.debian.org squeeze / non-free TranslationIndex
Ign http://backports.debian.org squeeze-backports / main TranslationIndex
Ign http://mozilla.debian.net squeeze-backports / iceweasel-release Translation-en
Get: 13 http://ftp.ru.debian.org testing / main amd64 2012-03-31-1412.38.pdiff [558 B]
Get: 14 http://ftp.ru.debian.org testing / non-free amd64 2012-04-01-0210.44.pdiff [2015 B]
Get: 15 http://ftp.ru.debian.org testing / main amd64 2012-03-31-1412.38.pdiff [558 B]
Receive: 16 http://ftp.ru.debian.org testing / contrib Translation-en [36,2 kB]
Hit http://ftp.ru.debian.org testing / main Translation-ru
Receive: 17 http://ftp.ru.debian.org testing / main Translation-en [3795 kB]
Ign http://security.debian.org squeeze / updates / main Translation-ru_RU
Ign http://security.debian.org squeeze / updates / main Translation-en
Ign http://security.debian.org squeeze / updates / main Translation-en
Ign http://backports.debian.org squeeze-backports / main Translation-ru_RU
Get: 18 http://ftp.ru.debian.org testing / non-free amd64 2012-04-01-0210.44.pdiff [2015 B]
Ign http://backports.debian.org squeeze-backports / main Translation-ru
Ign http://backports.debian.org squeeze-backports / main Translation-en
Receive: 19 http://ftp.ru.debian.org testing / non-free Translation-en [63.5 kB]
Hit http://ftp.ru.debian.org squeeze / main Translation-ru
Get: 20 http://ftp.ru.debian.org testing / main amd64 2012-04-01-0210.44.pdiff [32.7 kB]
Get: 21 http://ftp.ru.debian.org testing / main amd64 2012-04-01-0210.44.pdiff [32.7 kB]
Ign http://ftp.ru.debian.org squeeze-updates / main Translation-ru_RU
Ign http://ftp.ru.debian.org squeeze-updates / main Translation-ru
Ign http://ftp.ru.debian.org squeeze-updates / main Translation-en
Ign http://ftp.ru.debian.org testing / contrib Translation-ru_RU
Ign http://ftp.ru.debian.org testing / contrib Translation-en
Ign http://ftp.ru.debian.org testing / non-free Translation-ru_RU
Ign http://ftp.ru.debian.org testing / non-free Translation-ru
Ign http://ftp.ru.debian.org squeeze / contrib Translation-en_US
Ign http://ftp.ru.debian.org squeeze / contrib Translation-en
Ign http://ftp.ru.debian.org squeeze / contrib Translation-en
Ign http://ftp.ru.debian.org squeeze / non-free Translation-ru_RU
Ign http://ftp.ru.debian.org squeeze / non-free Translation-en
Ign http://ftp.ru.debian.org squeeze / non-free Translation-en
Fetched 5117 kB in 5s (875 kB / s)
W: GPG error: http://mozilla.debian.net squeeze-backports Release: The following signatures cannot be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 85A3D26506C4AE2A
W: Duplicate sources.list entry http://ftp.ru.debian.org/debian/ squeeze / main amd64 Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.ru.debian.org_debian_dists_squeeze_main_binary-amd64_Packages)
Current status: 97 updated [+9], 11164 new [+76].
W: GPG error: http://mozilla.debian.net squeeze-backports Release: The following signatures cannot be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 85A3D26506C4AE2A
Tried to swap shell with chsh command. As a result, root access was lost. andrey @ debian: / usr / bin $ login login: Cannot possibly work without effective root andrey @ debian: / usr / bin $ su Password: Cannot execute / usr / bin / csh: No such file or directory
Firstly I've booted in recovery mod, installed csh, then installed sudo (I've never used it before, and do not know how to use it now). It did not help. Then I've booted in recovery mod again and changed shells for root and for andrey with usermod -s / bin / bash root. Now I can use su as it was before. I think it was not a good idea to use csh.